Turabian 9th edition (notes and bibliography, subsequent author-only citations)

Humanities, Social Science

This style is based on Chicago Manual of Style 17th edition (notes and bibliography)

Every example is a real source, checked where it was published. Check the finer points against the guide your course or journal uses. Review formatting support and known limitations.

Example Citations

Website
World Health Organization. “Climate Change.” October 12, 2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health.
Footnote World Health Organization, “Climate Change,” October 12, 2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health.
Book
Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1960.
Footnote Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1960).
Journal Article
Watson, James D., and Francis H. C. Crick. “Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid.” Nature 171, no. 4356 (April 1953): 737–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/171737a0.
Footnote James D. Watson and Francis H. C. Crick, “Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid,” Nature 171, no. 4356 (April 1953): 737–38, https://doi.org/10.1038/171737a0.
Newspaper Article
Wilford, John Noble. “Men Walk on Moon.” The New York Times, July 21, 1969.
Footnote John Noble Wilford, “Men Walk on Moon,” The New York Times, July 21, 1969.

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Turabian 9th edition (notes and bibliography, subsequent author-only citations)
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