How to Cite Videos, Podcasts, Music and Images
8 guides
These guides are for sources you watch, hear or look at: films and online videos, podcasts and radio, songs, sheet music, live shows, artworks, photographs, figures and maps. Each one lists the details to collect and shows an example in six styles.
For a published interview, use Interview, and for an email or a letter, Personal Communication. For a speech, see Recorded, Live or in Person below. For an article in a magazine, use Magazine Article.
Video
A film, a documentary, a TED Talk or a YouTube video.
Podcast/Broadcast
A podcast episode, or a radio or TV broadcast.
Song
A recording of a song or other piece of music.
Musical Score
Sheet music or a published score of a composition.
Graphic
A painting or other artwork, a photograph, or another image.
Figure
A chart, graph or diagram taken from a book, report or article.
Map
A printed or online map, such as a topographic or road map.
Performance
A live performance: a play, a musical, a concert or a dance.
The Name That Goes First
In APA, a film goes under its director and a podcast episode under its host. A YouTube video goes under the account that uploaded it. So a TED Talk on TED’s YouTube channel goes under TED, as in APA’s example (TED, 2019), and you can name the speaker in your sentence. A TED Talk from TED’s own website goes under the speaker. Type the name in the Director/Creator or Host/Producer box, and for a channel such as TED, choose Organization in place of Person. APA puts the role after a director’s or host’s name, as in “(Director)” or “(Host)”. We do not add it, so add it yourself after you copy the entry.
Quoting a Moment in a Recording
When you quote a video, a TV show or another recording, APA gives the time where the quotation begins in place of a page number: (Cuddy, 2012, 2:12). To add one, open the copy menu on the citation in your project and choose Add a page number. Choose Time in place of Page and type the time. It is used for that copy only, since you may quote one recording at several points. The Writing order tab keeps each place you cite it, with its own time.
Recorded, Live or in Person
In APA, cite a speech from the source where your reader can find it. A speech or lecture you watched online is a Video, and one you read in a book is cited as that Book. The APA Style blog cites “I Have a Dream” both ways, from a book and from a recording on YouTube. A live speech, an unrecorded class lecture or an interview you held yourself is a Personal Communication, cited in the text only. So in APA, use one of these in place of Speech. Quotations from people you interviewed for your own research are not cited this way: APA treats them as part of your research.
