How to Cite a Personal Communication in Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

Emails, letters, phone calls, and private correspondence.

Example in Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

Cited in the notes only. This style gives it no entry in the bibliography.

Footnote Jane Smith, “Re: Research Collaboration Inquiry,” Email to John Doe, January 15, 2024.

What Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography) includes

These are the details of the example above that the style prints, so they are the ones to collect for your own source.

  • Subject/Description
  • Sender/Author
  • Recipient(s)
  • Date
  • Communication Type

Record the communicator name, type (email, letter, conversation), and date. Personal communications are often cited in-text only.

The formatting comes from the style's own file, so check the finer points against your guide. What to check by hand in Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography).