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Source Types
Thesis/Dissertation

How to Cite a Thesis or Dissertation

Dissertations, theses, and academic research papers.

What You'll Need

Thesis Title

Short title

Author

Year Completed

Thesis Type

University/Institution

URL

The title page lists the institution, degree type, and year. If accessed through a repository, check for a persistent URL or DOI.

Example Citations

APA 7th edition

Hawking, S. W. (1966). Properties of expanding universes [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge]. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283

In-text (Hawking, 1966)

MLA 9th edition

Hawking, Stephen W. Properties of Expanding Universes. 1966, https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283. University of Cambridge, Doctoral dissertation.

In-text (Hawking)

Chicago 18th edition (notes and bibliography)

Hawking, Stephen W. “Properties of Expanding Universes.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge, 1966. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283.

Footnote Stephen W. Hawking, “Properties of Expanding Universes” (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge, 1966), https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283.

Harvard (Cite Them Right 12th edition)

Hawking, S.W. (1966) Properties of expanding universes. Doctoral dissertation. University of Cambridge. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283.

In-text (Hawking, 1966)

IEEE

[1]

S. W. Hawking, “Properties of Expanding Universes,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge, 1966. doi: 10.17863/CAM.11283.

In-text [1]

Numbered by order of appearance in your document.

Vancouver

Hawking SW. Properties of expanding universes [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 1966.

In-text (1)

Numbered by order of appearance in your document.